Elements of Culture in the Diplomacy of Emerging Asian Powers II.

Abstract

After briefly clarifying the difference between cultural diplomacy and public diplomacy, the second part of the study presents new tools in foreign relations. In the countries under examination, in addition to previously known areas (such as sports and gastronomy), new fields are also included, such as religion (Buddhism, Islam), popular culture, the hea lth and beauty industries, all of which are addressed to the masses and appear in everyday life. By the turn of the millennium, the attraction of the West had diminished across the continent, and countries often attribute their success to their differentia tion from it, emphasizing their distinct values. The rich cultural traditions of Asian powers, the special transformation of Western influences, the emphasis on uniqueness or alternative paths, and the focus on region are all notable characteristics of cultural diplomacy in these countries among others. Asia's ancient civilizations have already exerted considerable impact on the rest of the world throughout history, and in the new millennium, we can observe a fresh wave of cultural influence emerging.