A nemek közötti egyenlőtlenségek bérkülönbségekben való kifejeződése az európai munkaerőpiacon
Megjelent 2024-06-28
Kulcsszavak
- nemek közti egyenlőtlenségek,
- nemek közötti bérkülönbség,
- foglalkozási szegregáció,
- európai munkaerőpiac,
- nők megerősítése,
- egyenlőséget garantáló jogszabályok a bérezés terén
Copyright (c) 2024 Thidphaxay Souliya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Absztrakt
Az emberi jogok érvényesülését garantáló univerzális jogszabályok szerint minden embernek joga van ahhoz, hogy egyenlő esélyek alapján boldogulhasson az életben, illetve a munkaerőpiacon, függetlenül nemi, etnikai, vallási vagy nemzeti hovatartozásától, politikai vagy más nézetbeli elköteleződésétől, az életkorától vagy attól, hogy rendelkezik-e bármilyen fogyatékossággal (ENSZ, 1948).
A nemek közötti egyenlőtlenségek minden társadalomban megtalálhatók, amelyek kifejeződhetnek a nemek közötti bérkülönbségekben is. A nemek közötti bérkülönbségek hátterében a nőkkel szemben fennálló negatív diszkrimináció fedezhető fel, amelynek eredményeként a nők bizonyos ágazatokban ugyanazon munkakörökben, ugyanazon felkészültség és képességek mellett alacsonyabb bért kapnak a munkaerőpiacon. A nők által képviselt alacsonyabb bérszínvonal a nyugdíjba menetelt követően alacsonyabb szintű nyugdíjat is eredményez, így nem meglepő, hogy az időskorban lévő nők között magasabb a szegények aránya.
Bár az Európai Unióban az elmúlt évtizedekben egyre jelentősebb hangsúly terelődött a nemek közötti egyenlőtlenségek kezelésére, a nemek közti bérkülönbségek mind a mai napig fennmaradtak az európai uniós tagországokban, ami új, átfogó, integrált megoldások alkalmazását teszi szükségessé.
Publikációnkkal a nemek közötti egyenlőtlenségek hátterében meghúzódó elméletek és a probléma kezelésére irányuló szempontok, valamint irányelvek bemutatásával kívánunk hozzájárulni a nemek közötti bérkülönbség enyhítéséhez.
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